2017届高考英语二轮核心考点总动员：专题35 阅读理解之作者的写作意图含解析word免费

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届高考英语二轮核心考点总动员：专题阅读理解之作者的写作意图（含解析）专业文档专题阅读理解之作者的写作意图关键词:阅读理解,写作意图,上下文推理,语境难度系数:推荐指数:基础回顾考点归纳:理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的或是向读者传递某个信息或是愉悦读者或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来而是隐含在文章之中。因此这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上去领会作者的言外之意。基础必读:写作意图题是指作者通过文章想达到什么样的目的可以说每个人写文章都有他的用意:根据文章的论述推断作者的写作目的以及作者情感态度。要求考生分析作者运用某一写作手法的目的。常见的提问方式有:WhatwasMrsSmith sattitudetotheauthorattheendofthestoryThewriterusestoshowthatByquoting,theauthorintendstoBytellingthestoryof,theauthorintendstoThestoryofisusedtoWhatwouldtheauthormostlikelycontinuetotalkaboutinthenextparagraphsThepurposeofthewritertowritethepassageis作者运用某种写作手法的目的或是要引出主题、突出主题或是要吸引读者关注主题或是要把主题说明得更清楚。常用的写作手法的目的有:开头提出问题让读者关注主题。简介相关事物引出主题。列举具体事例说明主题。运用比拟或比喻让读者容易理解抽象或陌生的事物。引语说明或论证某个观点或使自己的观点更有说服力。珍贵文档专业文档无论哪种手法也不管出于何种目的都必定与主题相关为主题服务。推断写作目的的两条思路题目要求考生推断作者写文章的目的题干中常有purpose或后面需接表示目的的动词不定式intendto,meanto,inorderto等。推断作者写文章的目的有两大思路解题时要综合考虑:主旨推断法。写作意图与文章主旨密切相关因此解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样用略读法即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句找到主题句抓住文章主旨然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。议论文、报道、说明文等其主题句多在文首。文体推断法。作者的写作目的与文体密切相关。议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同某一观点倡导某种做法等。说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识提出某种建议、劝告或呼吁或希望引起有关部门或人士对某现象给予重视。记叙文的目的一般是分享一段有趣的经历告诉读者一个有趣的故事使读者获得乐趣若是夹叙夹议的文章则是表达作者的感悟或给读者某种教育或启示。广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务因此其目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等。推断作者的观点态度这类试题的题干中常有thewriter’sattitudetowards,theauthorthoughtthinks,accordingtotheauthor,whatdoestheauthorthinkabout等。作者的态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此在推断过程中应特别注意文中作者的措辞尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子推断出作者的弦外之音。干扰项具有以下三个特点:可能是考生自己的某种观点。易误选社会普遍的一种倾向但文中没有信息支持。与本文无关或与作者相反的观点等。此外还要注意区分作者态度或观点与引用的别人的态度或观点。珍贵文档专业文档技能方法写作意图主要的解题策略有:根据不同文体推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的,通常作者的写作目的有以下三种:toentertainreaders娱乐读者让人发笑常见于故事类的文章。topersuadereaders说服读者接受某种观点常见于广告类的文章。toinformreaders告知读者某些信息多见于科普类报道类文化类或社会类的文章。高考阅读试题设计到各类文章而以议论文为主文章的主题句、核心句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立场阅读理解中也有说明文、描述文。前者因为其体裁的客观性所以作者的态度也往往采取中立。而后者因为其文章观点往往不直接提出而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性所以阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。根据用词风格推断情感态度。一篇好的文章其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语捕捉那些烘托气氛渲染情感的词句进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向是支持、反对抑或中立,对于选项而言要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词以此对照全文。如:表示褒义的词语:positive赞成的supporting支持的praising赞扬的optimistic乐观的admiring羡慕的enthusiastic热情的等表示中性的词语:uninterested无兴趣的不感兴趣的neutral中立的impersonal不带个人感情的subjective主观的objective客观的等表示贬义的词语:disgusted感到恶心的厌恶的critical批评的negative否定的反对的suspicious怀疑的tolerant容忍的忍让的worried担忧的等。基础达标HOLIDAYFUNATTHEPOWERHOUSEJoinintheholidayfunatthepowerhousethismonthlinkedtoournewexhibition,EvolutionRevolution:ChinesedressstonowDON’TFORGETourotherspecialevent,theClubMedCircusSchoolwhichispartoftheCircus!yearsofcircusinAustraliaexhibitionexperience!ChineseFolkDancing:ColorfulChinesedanceandmusicalperformancesbyTheChineseFolkDancingSchoolofSydneyDancesinclude:theGoldenstickdanceandtheChinesedrumdanceAfeaturewillbetheQindynastyEmperor’scourtdanceAlsoincludedisashowoffacepaintingforBeijingoperaperformancesSundayJuneandWednesdayJulyintheTurbineHall,at:am:pm珍贵文档专业文档AustralianChineseChildren’sArtsTheatre:Wellknownchildren’splayexpertsfromShanghaileadthisdynamicyouthgroupPerformancesincludeChinesefairytalesandplaysThursdaytoSundayJulyintheTurbineHall,at:am:pmChineseYouthLeague:AtraditionalperformingartsgroupfeaturingperformancehighlightssuchastheRedscarfandSpringflowerdances,andamusicianplayingErHuSundaytoTuesdayJulyintheTurbineHall,:amto:pmKidsActivity:MakeaPaperHorse:YoungchildrenmakeapaperhorsecutoutThehorseisafrequentthemeinChinesepainting,indicatingakindofadvancementSuitableforagesyearsSundayJunetoTuesdayJulyintheTurbineHall,:pmto:pmClubMedCircusSchool:Learncircusskills,includingthetrapeze,trampoliningandmagicNoteonlyforchildrenover:Thereareplacesavailableineachhoursessionandthesemustbebookedatthefrontdesk,level,onthedayTuesdaytoSaturdayJulyat:am:pmEnjoyunlimitedfreevisitsandmanyotherbenefitsbybecomingafamilymemberofthePowerhouseOurfamilymembershipscovertwoadultsandallchildrenundertheageofyearsattheoneaddressMembersreceivepowerline,ourmonthlymagazine,discountsintheshopsandtherestaurants,aswellasfreeadmissiontotheMuseumAllthisforaslittleas$ayear!CallformoredetailsWhencanyouwatchtheChinesedrumdanceAOnJulyBOnJulyCOnJulyDOnJulyTolearnthemagictricks,youcangotoAKidsActivityBChineseYouthLeagueCClubMedCircusSchoolDChildren’sArtsTheatreWhatisrequiredifyouwanttoenjoyfreevisitstotheMuseumACallingBGainingfamilymembershipCComingfortheholidayfunDPayingpowerline$ayearWhatisthemainpurposeofthetextAToattractvisitorsBTopresentschedulesCToreporttheperformancesDToteachkidsChinesearts珍贵文档专业文档A细节推理题。根据ChineseFolkDancing部分可以找到Dancesinclude:theGoldenandtheChinesedrumdance即中国民间舞蹈包括金舞和鼓舞。该段谈及参与时间SundayJuneandWednesdayJuly故选AC细节推理题。根据ClubMedCircusSchool部分我们可以找到Learncircusskills,includingthetrapeze,trampliningandmagic即在这儿可以学到高空秋千蹦床运动和魔术。故选CB推理判断题。根据最后一段EnjoyunlimitedfreevisitsandmanyotherbenefitsbybecomingaFamilymemberofthePowerhouse可知要想免费参观就应成为Powerhouse的成员。故选BA写作意图题。文章提供了powerhouse假日休闲的内容时间地点联系方式价格以及优惠条件等。目的是给游客以详细的介绍从而吸引更多的游客。故选A能力提升ThousandsoftaxidriversinShenyang,Liaoningprovince,reportedlyblockedstreetswiththeircarsonSundayinprotestagainstunlicensedcarsusingtaxihiringapps打车软件andappsbasedcarrentalcompaniesprovidingpassengerservices,includinghighendcarsAlthoughthedriversalsocomplainedaboutthewithdrawalofthefuelsubsidy补贴bythegovernment,theirmaincomplaintwasthelossofbusinessbecauseoftherisingnumberofInternetbasedcarservicescompaniesOnWednesday,newsreportscamethatBeijingtransportauthoritieswilltakemeasurestostoptheillegal“taxibusiness”ofprivatecarsthroughthenewlyrisingInternetapps,followingthefootstepsofShenyangandNanjingItisnotyetclearhowtheShenyangcitygovernmentwillhandletheissueandwhetheritwilldeclaretheservicesofferedbymarketleaderssuchasDidiDache,ataxihiringappproviderbackedbyTencentHoldings,andKuaidiDacheillegalButShanghaitransportregulators交通管理机构havesetarule,bybanningDidiZhuanche,orcarservicesofferedbyDidiDacheinDecemberSuchregulations规定willcauseasetback挫折tothecarhiringcompaniesandinvestorsthatarewaitingtocashinonthepotentiallyboomingbusinessJustlastmonth,DidiDachegot$millioninfundingfromglobalinvestors,includingSingaporestateinvestmentcompany珍贵文档专业文档TemasekHoldings,RussianinvestmentcompanyDSTGlobalandTencentBesides,themarketisuncertainthatKuaidiDacheisabouttofinalizeitslatestroundoffundingaftergetting$millionfromglobalinvestorsRegulatoryuncertainties,however,couldcastashadowonthefutureoftheInternetbasedcarhiringservices,whichhavebecomepopularinmostofChina’sbigcitiesTobefair,thesecompanies’businessmodelisanythingbutbadForexample,DidiZhuancheworkssidebysidewithestablishedcarrentalcompaniestoprovidehighendcarservicemainlyforbusinesspeoplethroughtheInternetandmobilephoneappsEverylinkinthisbusinessmodelchainhaslegalcompaniesandservicesHence,itishardtodefineitasillegalandbanitWhydidtaxidriversinShenyangblockthestreetswiththeirvehiclesABecausetheywantedtheauthoritytoincreasetheirdrivingallowancesBBecausetheywantedtobetaughthowtousethetaxihiringappsCBecausetheywantedtomaketheirmaincomplaintsknowntotheauthorityDBecausetheywantedtoappealtopassengersnottohiretheprivatecarsTheauthor’sattitudetobanninginternetcarhiringserviceisApositiveBnegativeCneutral中立的DunclearWhichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaccordingtothepassageATheproblemreferredtointhepassageexistsinallcitiesBAppbasedcarrentalisfunctionaltosomedegreeCThegovernmentshouldregulatetheappbasedcarrentalmarketDDidiDacheisaChinaforeignjointcompanyB推理判断题。根据第四段Regulatoryuncertainties,however,couldcastashadowonthefutureoftheInternetbasedcarhiringservices和Tobefair,thesecompanies’businessmodelisanythingbutbad可知作者认为这样会给将来的基于网络的汽车租赁服务投下阴影公司的经珍贵文档专业文档营模式是不好的。作者对此的观点是反对的故选BA细节推理题。根据第二段BeijingfollowingthefootstepsofShenyangandNanjing可知A错误根据第一段appsbasedcarrentalcompaniesprovidingpassengerservices,includinghighendcars可知B正确根据第二段ItisnotyetclearhowtheShenyangcitygovernmentwillhandletheissue和最后一段可知C正确根据第三段DidiDachegot$millioninfundingfromglobalinvestors,includingSingaporestateinvestmentcompanyTemasekHoldings,RussianinvestmentcompanyDSTGlobalandTencent可知D正确。故选A考点:考查报道类短文阅读。终极闯关“Agoodbookforchildrenshouldsimplybeagoodbookinitsownright ,saysMollieHunterBornandbroughtupnearEdinburgh,MolliehasdevotedhertalentstowritingprimarilyforyoungpeopleShefirmlybelievesthatthereisandshouldalwaysbeawideraudienceforanygoodbookwhateveritsmainmarketisInMollie’sopinion,itisnecessarytomakefulluseoflanguageandsheenjoystellingastory,whichiswhateverywritershouldbedoing Ifyouaren t shesaysWiththechieffunctionofawritertellingastory,you’reaverydeadwriterindeedbeingtoentertain,Mollieisindeedanentertainer Ihavethisgreatloveofnotonlythemeaningoflanguagebutofthemusicoflanguage,’shesays, ThislovegoesbacktoearlychildhoodIhadaschoolteacherwhousedtoaskuswhatwewouldliketobewhenwegrewupand,becausemyfamilyalwayshaddogs,andIwasverygoodathandlingthem,IsaidIwantedtoworkwithdogs,andtheteacheralwayssaid‘Nonsense,Molliedear,you’llbeawriter’SofinallyIthoughtthatthiswomanmusthavesomething,sinceshewasagoodteacherandIdecidedwhenIwasninethatIwouldbeawriter Thischildhoodintentionisdescribedinhernovel,ASoundofChariots,whichalthoughwritteninthethirdpersonisclearlyautobiographical自传体的andgivesapicturebothofMollie’sambitionandherstruggletowardsitsachievementThoughtsofherchildhoodinevitably不可避免地broughtthoughtsofthetimewhenherhomewasstillavillagewithbuttercup金凤花meadowsandstrawberryfieldssadlynowcoveredwithmodernhouses IwasoncetakenbacktoseeitandIfeltthatsomebodyhadlaindirtyhandsallovermychildhoodI’llnevergoback, shesaid NeverWhenIsetoneofmybooksinScotland”shesaid,“Icanrecallmyromanticfeelingsasachildplayinginthosefields,orwatchingthevillage珍贵文档专业文档blacksmithatworkAndthat’simportantbecausechildrennowknowsomuchsoearlythatromancecan texistforthem,asitdidforus”WhatdoesMollieHunterfeelaboutthenatureofagoodbookAItshouldnotaimatanarrowaudienceBItshouldbeattractivetoyoungreadersCItshouldbebasedonoriginalideasDItshouldnotincludetoomuchconversationInMollieHunter’sopinion,whichofthefollowingisonesignofapoorwriterABeingpoorinlifeexperienceBBeingshortofwritingskillsCTheweaknessofdescriptionDTheabsenceofastoryWhatdowelearnaboutMollieHunterasayoungchildASheexpectedtobecomeawriterBShedidn’tenjoywritingstoriesCShedidn’thaveanyparticularlifeaimsDShedidn’trespectherteacher’viewsWhat’sthewriter’spurposeinthistextToshareherenjoymentofMollieHunter’sbookABTointroduceMollieHunter’sworkstoawideraudienceCToprovideinformationforMollieHunter’sexistingreadersDTodescribeMollieHunter’smostsuccessfulbooksD细节推理题。根据第一段InMollie’sopinion,itisnecessarytomakefulluseoflanguageandsheenjoystellingastory,whichiswhateverywritershouldbedoing Ifyouaren ttellingastory,you’reaverydeadwriterindeed shesays可知MollieHunter认为一个好的作家必须是有故事的人不会讲故事就不是真正好的作家。故选DB推理判断题。根据第一段IsaidIwantedtoworkwithdogs,andtheteacheralwayssaid‘Nonsense,Molliedear,you’llbeawriter’SofinallyIthoughtthatthiswomanmusthavesomething,sinceshewasagoodteacherandIdecidedwhenIwasninethatIwouldbeawriter的描述可知在老师的鼓励下MollieHunter才喜欢上了写作以前并不喜欢。故选BB主旨大意题。文章介绍了MollieHunter的自传作品和其影响希望更多的人了解她喜珍贵文档专业文档欢上读好书。故选B考点:考查文学教育类短文阅读。珍贵文档